Testing of Genetically Modified Organisms in Food – Farid E. Ahmed – 1st Edition

Description

Testing of Genetically Modified Organisms in Foods is the first study of the screening methods and tools utilized for determining the presence of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food products. Leading experts in science, medicine, and government agencies examine the significant research and clinical developments in bio-engineered agriculture to bring you an accurate risk assessment of GMOs in relation to human consumption, economics, and the environment. This book focuses on three high-profile biotechnological commercial aspects of GMO inclusion in the world market: insect resistance, herbicide tolerance, and virus resistance. It also identifies new GM food crops that are in the laboratory and may soon be on your table.

Testing of Genetically Modified Organisms in Foods looks at GMOs from the perspectives of both sides of the globe—the European Union and the United States Department of Agriculture—who each have their own set of rules and opinions regarding safety issues and marketing of bioengineered food products. This book looks at the government standards of scientific testing for GMOs, and several chapters specifically analyze current screening methods. This book also explores the impact of GMOs on farming, agricultural economy, pesticide control, and world famine.

Testing of Genetically Modified Organisms in Foods brings you current information on:

  • the risks and benefits of agricultural biotechnology—to people and the environment
  • the regulations and protocols of testing for GMOs that have been adopted by European and United States agencies
  • scientific techniques that test for GMOs, including certified reference materials (CRMs) and matrix-based, protein-based, and DNA-based methods of testing
  • the limitations of today’s GMO screening methods and the benefits of alternatives that may be used in the future
  • the long-term risks associated with gene flow of GMOs to other plants, specifically focusing on liabilities, regulatory climates, and intellectual property rights

Testing of Genetically Modified Organisms in Foods is generously enhanced with figures, tables, and graphs as well as references at the end of every chapter. The commercialization of agricultural biotechnology makes this text essential for scientists, planners, and students of food, agriculture and environmental science. Government officials and activists will find this book invaluable in debating current issues of agricultural biotechnology and food safety.

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  • About the Editor
    Contributors
    Preface

    Chapter 1. Risk and Benefits of Agricultural Biotechnology
    The Development of Biotechnology
    Beginning of the Controversy About Biotechnology
    Risk and Benefit Analysis
    The Present Scope of Agricultural Biotechnology Products
    Regulations on Growing Biotechnology Crops
    Grower Adoption of Biotechnology Crops
    Economics of Using Current Biotechnology Crops
    The Concept of Substantial Equivalence and Its Impact on Product Liability and International Trade
    Food Safety Issues of Biotechnology Products
    Framework for Evaluating Environmental Effects of Current Biotechnology Crops
    Gene Flow in Transgenic Crops
    Gene Containment Strategies for Biotechnology Crops
    Economic Consequences of Gene Flow from Biotechnology Crops
    Effects of Biotechnology Crops on Nontarget Organisms
    Environmental Consequences of Two Novel GM Organisms
    Pesticide-Use Patterns
    Resistance Management to Herbicide-Resistant and Insect-Resistant Plants
    Agricultural Biotechnology in a Changing World

    Chapter 2. Sampling for the Detection of Biotech Grains: A USDA Perspective
    Introduction
    Introduction to Sampling Theory
    Conclusions

    Chapter 3. Sampling for GMO Analysis: The European Perspective
    Introduction
    The Concept of Sampling and Currently Adopted Sampling Protocols
    Limitations of the Currently Adopted Sampling Protocols
    Sampling for GMO Detection/Quantification: Recommendations
    Concluding Remarks

    Chapter 4. Reference Materials and Standards
    Introduction
    Matrix-Based GMO CRMs
    Pure Genomic DNA GMO CRMs
    Pure Plasmid DNA GMO CRMs
    Pure Protein GMO CRMs
    Discussion

    Chapter 5. Protein-Based Methods: Elucidation of the Principles
    Introduction
    Problems Associated with Developing Immunoassays for Food Proteins and Suggested Remedies
    Western Blotting
    Immunoassays
    Conclusions

    Chapter 6. Protein-Based Methods: Case Studies
    Introduction
    Foods: Processed and Finished
    Grain and Seed
    Discussion

    Chapter 7. DNA-Based Methods for Detection and Quantification of GMOs: Principles and Standards
    Introduction
    The Polymerase Chain Reaction
    The Future of GMO Testing
    Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
    DNA Microarrays
    Biosensors

    Chapter 8. DNA-Based Methods for GMO Detection: Historical Developments and Future Prospects
    Southern Hybridization/Slot or Dot Blotting Techniques
    Polymerase Chain Reaction Applications
    Gene Expression and Microarray Technology
    DNA-Based Biosensors
    Conclusions

    Chapter 9. Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Methods
    Introduction: The Limitations of Applying Current GMO Screening Methods
    Introduction to Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
    Roundup Ready Soybean Detection Case Study
    Quality Assurance Issues
    Future Considerations

    Chapter 10. Other Methods for GMO Detection and Overall Assessment of the Risks
    Metabolic Profiling
    Proteomics
    Gene Fluorescent Proteins As a Marker in Transgenic Plants
    Concerns About Gene Flow, Liabilities, Regulatory Climates, and Intellectual Property Rights
    Assessment of Safety Issues
    Conclusions

    Index
    Reference Notes Included

  • Citation
    • Full Title: Testing of Genetically Modified Organisms in Food
    • Author/s:
    • ISBN-10: 1560222743
    • ISBN-13: 9781560222743
    • Edition: 1st Edition
    • Topic: Chemistry
    • Subtopic: Biochemistry | Genetics
    • File Type: eBook
    • Idioma: English

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